【www.0413xx.com--小升初作文真题】

　　Part I Writing

　My View on Invention

　　① Drawing a comparison between modern life and ancient life, we cannot imagine what life will be like now without invention. ②Invention must be attached great importance to, as it is invention that contributes to the advancement of our society. ③There are several examples which can be cited to illustrate this concept. ④I can think of no better illustration than the following one. ⑤If Edison hadn't invented the light bulb, we would have lived a life as the blind in the night.

　　⑥Given that invention plays such an essential role in our life, what can we do to cultivate this precious spirit? ⑦ For one thing, it is advisable for the social media and publicity department to vigorously inform the public of the importance of invention. ⑧ For another, the relevant authorities should set up favorable regulations to encourage invention. ⑨ For example, they can set up the practice of giving premiums or issuing patent certificate to inventors.

　　⑩Finally, I want to use the following saying as our mutual encouragement, "Invention is the spirit of human being's progress. "⑪ At no time should we underestimate the power of invention. ⑫ Therefore, when an idea comes to your mind, just make your own invention.

　　Part II Listening Comprehension

　　Conversation One

　　Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

　　1. C.

　　2. B.

　　3. A.

　　4. C.

　　Conversation Two

　　W: I have many business English students. When I teach in the classroom, (5) we often end up talking about things like success and what leads to success, and it's interesting that many of them mention the element of luck.

　　M: Right.

　　W: Luck is important to success, but since you've seen that fantastic video on the TED Talks website by Richard St. John...he doesn't mention luck at all.

　　M: Well, I'm a firm believer that people can make their own luck. I mean, what people regard as luck you can actually create to a degree.

　　W: Sure. (6-1) I think a lot of what people consider luck is attributed to how you respond to the opportunities that come your way.

　　M: Yes. Very good point.

　　W: (6-2) Seizing the opportunities. But was there any point in the video that you thought was particularly interesting?

　　M: Yes, actually there was. Something very impressive to me is many people think that luck is important and that natural talent is something you must have in order to be successful (7) And in the video we saw, the point about getting good at something is not about having some natural talent. It's all about practice, practice, practice.

　　W: Definitely yeah. Natural talent helps in some way. But at the end of the day, you really do need to work hard and get really, really good at what you do.

　　M: Sure.

　　W: I thought one interesting thing in the video was the idea of passion being so important. And there're people who really love what they do--of course, you're going to want to work harder and put the time and effort into it. (8) And the funny thing is that if you love what you do and are really passionate about it and work really hard, then money kind of comes automatically.

　　Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

　　5. B

　　6. D

　　7. D

　　8. C

　　Passage One

　　Questions 9 to 12 are based on the passage you have just heard.。

　　9. A

　　10.What caused the volcanos outer layers to wear away?

　　B。短文在描绘魔鬼塔的形成过程时提到，地心熔岩冲出地面形成了火山颈，火山岩冷却硬化后，收缩碎裂变成了长形的柱子，即魔鬼塔。后来，火山的外层不断被风和水侵蚀，露出了坚硬的核心部分。由此可知，火山外层是被风和水侵蚀掉的，故答案为B。

　　11.What does all Indian legend say about Devils Tower?

　　D。短文中提到，关于魔鬼塔的形成，印第安人流传着一个传说，传说魔鬼塔是由超自然的力量形成的。因此答案为D。

　　12. C

　　Passage Two

　　听力全文翻译

　　Questions 13 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　13. A

　　14. A

　　15. What does the speaker want to show by the example of the Chicago woman?

　　D。短文末尾提到，一位芝加哥妇女发现每天与同事外出吃午饭，一年就花费2，000美元，她决定自己带饭，每周省下20美元存起来用于度假，另外20美元用于退休养老，她说这样比吃饭更有意义。这个例子说明，小笔的日常积蓄可以改变一个人的生活，即，小笔的日常积蓄对于一个人的生活意义重大，故答案为D。

　　Recording One

　　听力全文翻译

　　Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.

　　16. B

　　17. B

　　18. A

　　Recording Two

　　In the past few months, I've been traveling for weeks at a time with only one suitcase of clothes. One day, I was invited to an important event, and I wanted to wear something special for it. I looked through my suitcase but couldn't find anything to wear. (19) I was lucky to be at the technology conference then, and I had access to 3D printers. So I quickly designed a skirt on my computer, and I loaded the file on the printer. It just printed the pieces overnight. The next morning, I just took all the pieces, assembled them together in my hotel room, and this is actually the skirt that I'm wearing right now.

　　So it wasn't the first time that I printed clothes. (20) For my senior collection at fashion design school, I decided to try and 3D print an entire fashion collection from my home. The problem was that I barely knew anything about 3D printing, and I had only nine months to figure out how to print five fashionable looks.

　　I always felt most creative when I worked from home. I loved experimenting with new materials, and I always tried to develop new techniques to make the most unique textiles for my fashion projects.

　　One summer break, I came here to New York for an internship at a fashion house in Chinatown. We worked on two incredible dresses that were 3D printed. They were amazing--like you can see here. But I had a few problems with them. (21) They were made from hard plastics and that's why they were very breakable. The models couldn't sit in them, and they even got scratched from the plastics under their arms.

　　So now, the main challenge was to find the right material for printing clothes with, I mean the material you feed the printer with. (22) The breakthrough came when I was introduced to Fila flex, which is a new kind of printing material. It's strong, yet very flexible. And with it, I was able to print the first garment, a red jacket that had the word "freedom" embedded into it. And actually, you can easily download this jacket, and change the word to something else, for example, your name or your sweetheart's name.

　　So I think in the future, materials will evolve, and they will look and feel like fabrics we know today, like cotton or silk.

　　Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.

　　19. B

　　20. C。

　　21 .C

　　22. D

　　Recording Three

　　听力全文翻译

　　Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.

　　预览三道题各选项，由arise，examined，solve，entrepreneurs，companies等词可以推测，讲座与企业发展有关，内容可能涉及企业发展所面临的问题及解决方法等。

　　23. A

　　24. D

　　25 .What is a practical solution to the problems of small-and medium-sized businesses?

　　D。讲座末尾提到，如果中小企业有相似的需求，而彼此之间没有直接的竞争关系，那么分担升级成本是解决资金困难的一个非常实用的方法。因此答案为D。

　　Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension

　　阅读全文翻译

　　名词：A. arena舞台，竞技场;E .digits数字;G. hypotheses假设;L. inertia惯性，惰性;O. warrant授权，授权令

　　动词：D. devoted献身于，把……专用于;F. hasten加速;H. impairing损害;I. incorporate合并，使并入;K. indulge放纵，使沉溺于;M. pride以……为豪;N. reaping收获

　　形容词：B. contextual上下文的，情境的，前后关联的; C. convincing有说服力的，使人信服的;J. indefinite不确定的

　　26 .G. hypotheses

　　27 .B. contextual

　　28.A.arena。空格位于形容词之后，据此判断可填入名词，并与public连用构成固定搭配。故推测句意为“我们的国家需要更多科学家登上公共舞台”。因此填入A. arena“舞台，竞技场”。在备选项中，digits意为“数字”，inertia意为“惯性，惰性”，warrant意为“授权，授权令”，均不符合文意，且不能与public搭配，故排除。

　　29.C.convincing。空格位于以that引导的定语从句中，此定语从句使用了主系表结构，据此判断应填入形容词，且此形容词可以用来修饰language“语言”。根据句意“他们能够用令人信服并且让人们听得懂的语言，对公众解释自己的所作所为”可知，答案为C. convincing“有说服力的，使人信服的”。在备选项中，indefinite意为“不确定的”，与文意相反，故排除。

　　30. I .incorporate

　　31. D. devoted

　　32.N.reaping。空格位于句子的主体结构之外，描述主句动词所引发的结果，属于结果状语成分，据此判断可填人现在分词。根据句意“美国将大约17%的可支配收入专门用于科学研究，\u001f\u001f________\u001f\u001f\u001f\u001f\u001f\u001f\u001f了数十年的经济增长”可知，答案为N. reaping“收获”。在备选项中，impairing意为“损害”，不符合文意，故排除。

　　33. E. digits

　　34.M.pride。空格位于句子的谓语动词处，且此动词应能够与on构成固定搭配，备选项中只有M. pride“以……为豪”，符合语法要求。所在旬意为“我们不仅为我们的科研质量自豪，也为我们的科研为改进世界所做出的贡献自豪”。在备选项中，hasten意为“加速”，indulge意为“放纵，使沉溺于”，均与文意不符，故排除。

　　35 .F. hasten

　　阅读全文翻译

　　36. [D]

　　37. [K]

　　38. The market demand for electronic devices is now either declining or not growing as fast as before.

　　市场对于电子设备的需求现在不是在下降就是没有之前增长的那么快了。

　　由题干关键词market定位到原文画线处。

　　[B]段第二、三句提到，近年来，智能手机、电视、平板电脑、笔}己本、台式机占据了市场的大部分份额并引领着创新。但是现在这些产品的增长曲线已经减缓——或者在某些情况下市场份额已经缩水——因为消费者没有那么想要花钱买一些新的玩意儿了。题干中的electronic devices指原文中酶smartphones，televisions，tablets，laptops and desktops; declining和not growing对应原文中的slower growth curves和shrinking markets，故答案为[B]。

　　39. [L]

　　40. [F]

　　41. Fewer innovative products were found at this year's electronic products show.

　　今年的电子产品展上创新产品变少了。

　　由题干关键词this year's electronic products show定位到原文画线处。

　　[A]段提到，很多今年最炫酷的小玩意儿和去年的甚至前年的都一样，题干中的innovative products对应原文中的 coolest gadgets，故答案为[A]。

　　42. Consumers are becoming more worried about giving personal information to tech companies to get customized products and services.

　　消费者越来越担心为获得个性化产品和服务而将个人信息交给科技公司的这种做法了。

　　由题干关键词Consumers，customized和services定位到原文画线处。

　　[H]段提到，对于科技公司为我们描绘的超连接超智能世界，它们需要大量的消费者数据以提高服务水平，为消费者提供个性化的解决方法，但消费者似乎对这种方式感到越来越不安。题于中的becoming more worried about对应原文中的growing more uneasy about; personal information对应原文中的consumer data，故答案为[H]。

　　43. [E]

　　44. [I]

　　45. [C]

　　Passage One

　　阅读全文翻译

　　46 .A.

　　47.C.。由题干中的“free—riders”定位到文章第三段第一句：Developed nations such as Australia，the United States...causing the majority of the problems through high greenhouse gas emissions，while incurring few of the costs such as climate changes impact on food and water.

　　事实细节题。定位句指出，少数发达国家在碳排放方面责任最大，但是因气候变化而付出的代价却较小，作者在随后一句中解释说，他们因消费矿物燃料而受益，却对气候变化带来的问题没有负相应的责任，这与搭便车者相似，受益而不付出什么代价。可见，作者的意思是指他们几乎不需要为他们所引发的问题负责，故答案为C.。

　　A. “他们不需要为自己所消耗的食物和水担忧”，根据定位句，食物和水只是气候变化可能引发的部分问题，作者是用于举例，不可以偏概全，故排除;B.“他们能够更好地应对全球气候变化，作者在定位句及随后的句子中明确指出，他们是不为自己引发的问题负责，而没有提到应对能力的问题，可以排除;D“他们不受影响‘被迫上车的乘客’的温室效应的干扰”，“被迫上车的乘客”只是一个比喻，该项将温室效应和“被迫上车的乘客”联系在一起，是对文章的曲解，可以排除。

　　48. C.

　　49. B.

　　50. D.

　　Passage Two

　　(51)面临抑郁、焦虑和自杀风险的青少年，常常把自己的问题表现得如同霓虹灯标识一般明目昭彰。他们的一些危险行为——过量饮酒、使用违禁药品、抽烟以及逃学——能够警示家长和老师严重的问题即将发生。

　　但是一项新的研究显示，另一个青少年群体几乎面临着同样严重的精神病征风险：那些大量使用多媒体，睡眠不足和不爱活动的孩子。

　　当然，这听上去像是在说这个星球上的每一个青少年。但研究警示，在上述三个方面均有极端表现的孩子才是真正的高危人群。(53)由于他们的行为通常并不被视为危险信号，这些年轻人被研究者标记为“隐形风险”人群。

　　“从某种意义上讲，他们更易深陷困境，”研究人员弗拉基米尔·卡利说，“大多数家长、老师和医生会对青少年滥用药品或酗酒有所反应，而却很容易忽视这些深陷此类难以察觉的行为的青少年。”

　　研究者们调查了12395名学生，分析了九种风险行为，包括酗酒、使用违禁药品、吸烟成瘾、过量使用多媒体和逃学。其目的在于确定青少年中存在的这些高危行为和精神健康问题之间的相互关系。

　　大约58%的学生没有表现出或极少表现出这些高危行为。大约l3%的学生在全部九种高危行为上计分尤其高。而29%为“隐形风险”群体，在三类行为上计分尤其高：他们每天花在电子设备上的时间在五个小时以上;他们晚间的睡眠只有或少于六个小时;他们忽视“其他健康活动”。

　　在全部九种高危行为上都有高计分的群体最易表现出抑郁症症状;整体来看，这个群体中有15%报告有抑郁倾向，而低风险群体只有4%报告存在这类问题。(54)但隐形风险人群也与高危人群相差无几，他们中有13%表现出抑郁症状。

　　研究结果令卡利始料未及。“我们十分震惊，”他说，“高危人群和低危群体是显而易见的，(52)但是这个第三类群体不仅是出乎意料的，而且十分明显，数量庞大——占我们样本数量的三分之一——成为这个研究的关键性发现。”

　　(55)卡利说，他的研究最为关键的一点在于为家长、教师和精神保健服务人员提供新的早期警示信号。尽早发现，并对精神健康问题提供支持和治疗，他说，这对于防止他们变成完全意义上的失常者是最佳的方法。

　　51 .C.

　　52. D.

　　53. B.

　　54. A.

　　55. B.

　　Part IV Translation

　　With the improvement of living standards, holiday is occupying a more and more prominent position in Chinese people's life. In the past, making a living takes most of people's time, which gives them rare chance to go off on a trip. However, tourism has undergone a rapid growth in China for the past several years. The prosperity of economy and the emergence of the affluent middle class trigger an unprecedented tourism boom.

　　Not only does domestic traveling become common, but traveling abroad is also enjoying an increasing popularity among Chinese people. During the National Day holidays in 2016, tourism consumption amounts to more than 400 billion yuan. According to the statistical data by the World Trade Organization, China will have become the world's largest tourism country by 2020, and she will also see the fastest growth in overseas traveling expenditure in the next few years.

　　1.翻译第一句时，“随着生活水平的提高”可像参考泽文那样译为With伴随结构，也可译为as引导的时间状语从句，即As living standards improve，其中“提高”还可译为go up，upgrade，rise，enhance等。“在……中的作用越来越重要”可以直译为Nay an increasingly important role in…，也可像参考译文那样，意译为“占据越来越重要的地位”。

　　2.翻译第二句时，可以把中国人作为主语，即Chinese people spend most of their time in…，and they seldom have chance to…，也可像参考泽文那样，将“谋生”作为主语，即“谋生花费了人们大量的时间，使得他们很少有机会外出旅行”。其中，“谋生”还可译为earn a living，seek a livelihood等。

　　3.翻译第三句时，“中国旅游业发展迅速”除了像参考译文那样意译为“经历了快速发展”以外，还可直泽为Chinas tourism industry has developed rapidly in recent years。

　　4.翻译第四句时，关键点是“引发”的译法，除了译为trigger以外，还可译为bring about，give rise to等。“前所未有的”最常见的译法是unprecedented。

　　5.翻译第五句时，关键是表示“不仅……也……”的not only…but also…的使用，not only位于句首时，前半句使用倒装语序，后半句使用陈述语序。除了参考译文的泽法外，本句简单的译法是把“中国人”作为主语，即Not only do Chinese people travel domestically，but they travel abroad more and more often as well.“受欢迎”既可译为popular，还可译为enjoy a popularity。

　　6.翻译第六句时，关键点是“总计”的翻译，除可译为amotmt to以外，还可泽为add up to等。

　　7.翻译第七旬时，主要是时态的使用，“2020年中国将成为世界上最大的旅游国”应该使用将来完成时，“在未来几年里将成为出境旅游支出增长最快的国家”应使用一般将来时。其中，“将成为出境旅游支出增长最快的国家”可直译为will become a country with the fastest—growing overseas travel expense，还可像参考译文那样意译为“见证旅游支出的最快增长”

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